ABSTRACT
Abstract In this article, we describe the development of a simple and inexpensive simulation phantom as a surrogate of human hydronephrosis for the identification of urinary tract obstruction at bedside to be used in undergraduate training of medical students.
Resumo Neste artigo, descrevemos o desenvolvimento de um phantom de simulação, simples e barato, como modelo de hidronefrose humana para capacitar estudantes de graduação em medicina na identificação da obstrução do trato urinário à beira do leito.
Subject(s)
Animals , Models, Educational , Simulation Training , Hydronephrosis/diagnostic imaging , Urology/education , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
SUMMARY Point-of-care ultrasonography, which is performed at the bedside by physicians who are not specialists in imaging, has become possible thanks to recent technological advances that have allowed for a device with greater portability while maintaining image quality. The increasing use of point-of-care ultrasonography in different specialties has made it possible to expand physical examinations, make timely decisions about the patients and allows the performance of safer medical procedures. In this review, three cases from our experience are presented that highlight the use of point-of-care ultrasonography by clinicians. Bedside ultrasonography is a convenient modality used in a clinical setting to aid in early diagnosis of several common conditions. It is suggested that a hybrid approach of physical examination and point-of-care ultrasonography in the everyday clinical practice is an inevitable change of paradigm that is improving quality of care in a variety of clinical settings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Physical Examination/methods , Ultrasonography/methods , Point-of-Care Systems , Emergency Medical Services , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Objetivos: relatar a experiência das atividades de um projeto de extensão que teve como principal proposta a prevenção de parasitoses intestinais e pediculose desenvolvidas em escolares do município de Juiz de Fora. Desenvolvimento: o projeto baseou-se em visitar três escolas, sendo duas da rede pública (Escola Municipal Tancredo Neves, Escola Estadual Fernando Lobo) e uma privada (Escola Adventista de Juiz de Fora) e divulgar de forma lúdica, por meio de jogos, vídeos e palestras, assuntos relacionados a curiosidades sobre a biologia dos parasitos, transmissão, sintomatologia e, principalmente, prevenção dessas parasitoses, bem como exposição dos agentes. Nas escolas trabalhadas, as crianças demonstraram, através de jogos de perguntas e respostas e relatos próprios, ter compreendido os conceitos básicos de transmissão e prevenção das parasitoses, gerando mudanças de hábitos de higiene. Conclusão: conclui-se que é possível despertar o interesse das crianças pela prevenção das parasitoses intestinais e pediculose, introduzindo-se hábitos de higiene e cuidados que contribuem para o controle da transmissão dessas parasitoses.
Obejctives: to relate the experience of the activities of an extension project that had the prevention of intestinal parasitosis and pediculosis developed in schools of Juiz de Fora city as its main purpose. Development: the project was based in visiting three schools: two public schools (Escola Municipal Tancredo Neves, Escola Estadual Fernando Lobo) and one private school (Escola Adventista de Juiz de Fora), disseminating in a playful way, through games, videos and speeches, subjects related to the biology of parasites, transmission, symptoms and mainly prevention of parasitosis, as well as exposition to agents. The children in school demonstrated they understand the basic notions of transmission and prevention of parasitosis, generating hygiene changes through question and answer games and their own reports. Conclusion: it is concluded that it is possible to arouse children's interest in intestinal parasitosis and pediculosis prevention, introducing hygiene habits and care that contribute to controlling the transmission of such parasitosis.
Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases , Lice Infestations , Preventive Health Services , Primary Prevention , School Health Services , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , HygieneABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Ultrasonography (US) is a rapid, non-invasive and safe procedure that allows the nephrologist to obtain vital information to the bedside, as well as allows to guide the procedures for nephrology practice. Case report: Male patient, elderly with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease presents with infraumbilical protrusion that the Point of Care US (POCUS), performed by the nephrologist, proved to be a large bladder with a diverticulum. In addition, the US enabled the nephrologist to diagnose bilateral hydronephrosis, preservation of the cortico-medullary differentiation and echotexture of the right kidney, post-voiding urinary retention, urinary catheter placement and functional and morphological monitoring of the urinary tract after surgical correction of the infravesical obstruction. Conclusion: POCUS assessment of the renal tract may become the new standard of care among nephrologists by enabling the expansion of clinical information in a timely fashion, allowing faster resolution of cases and permitting the monitoring of the treatment done.
Resumo Introdução: A ultrassonografia (US) é um procedimento rápido, não invasivo e seguro que possibilita ao nefrologista obter informação vital à beira do leito, assim como permite guiar os procedimentos necessários à prática nefrológica. Relato do caso: Paciente masculino, idoso, com hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e doença renal crônica apresenta-se com abaulamento infraumbilical que a Point of Care US (POCUS), realizada pelo nefrologista, mostrou ser um quadro de retenção urinária acompanhado de divertículo vesical. Adicionalmente, a POCUS possibilitou ao nefrologista diagnosticar hidronefrose bilateral, preservação da diferenciação córtico-medular e da ecotextura do rim direito, retenção urinária pós-miccional, correto posicionamento do cateter vesical pós-drenagem e acompanhar funcionalmente e morfologicamente as alterações do trato urinário após a correção da obstrução infravesical. Conclusão: A avaliação do trato urinário na ótica da POCUS eleva a prática nefrológica a um patamar mais alto, ao possibilitar a ampliação de informações clínicas imediatas e à beira do leito, proporcionar maior rapidez na resolução dos casos e permitir o monitoramento do tratamento instituído.